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Even though Tourmaline
has been known in the Mediterranean region throughout the ages, it was only in
1703 that it was imported by the Dutch from Sri Lanka to Western and
Central Europe. They gave these new gems a Sinhalese name, Turamali, which
is thought to mean "stone with mixed colors". There are many
varieties of Tourmaline — too many to list here — but some are: black (Schorl
or Aphrizite), blue (Indicolite), pink and red (Rubellite), brown (Dravite),
pink and green ("Watermelon Tourmaline"), green (Verdelite, also known
as "Brazilian Emerald"), yellow (Tsilasite, also known as "Peridot
of Ceylon"), and the extremely rare colorless (Achroite).
Gem quality Tourmalines are most often members of the Tourmaline group called
Elbaite and come from California, Maine, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Pakistan,
Tanzania, Kenya, Myanmar and the Malagasy Republic.
In its natural
state, all the Tourmalines are characterized by parallel ridges
(striations) which run the length of the crystal, as are the Black Tourmalines
which are the most common in the Tourmaline group. Tourmaline forms in
igneous and metamorphic rocks and veins. It frequently occurs with
Lepidolite, Microcline, and Spodumene in granite pegmatites and others.
Tourmaline crystals are
interesting because they are hemimorphic, having a different shaped top than
the bottom of the crystal. Some crystals of Black Tourmaline can
reach a rather large size and can display a great variety of crystal faces.
Another interesting characteristic of this stone is that it is pyroelectric
which means that when heated, a positive charge develops at one end and a
negative charge at the other. These charges reverse themselves when the
crystal cools. A piezoelectric charge can be developed if the crystal
is compressed (or vibrated) at both ends. Conversely, if an electrical
potential is applied to the crystal, it will vibrate. Metaphysically
speaking, this can help break up an energy blockage, thus bringing new
clarity of purpose by helping one integrate and experience the physical and
spiritual worlds as one.
Secondly, Tourmalines
are pleochroic. This means that the crystal will look darker in color when
viewed down the long axis of the crystal than when viewed from the side.
This property goes beyond the idea that the crystal is just thicker in that
direction. Even crystals of equal dimensions will demonstrate this
trait.
Chemistry:
NaFe3(Al,Fe)6Si6O18(BO3)3(OH)4, Sodium Iron Aluminum Boro-silicate Hydroxide
Class:
Silicates
Subclass:
Cyclosilicates
Group:
Tourmalines
Color:
Black
Luster:
Vitreous to submetallic
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Crystal Habit:
Typically elongated three-sided prisms. Terminations can be either a
simple to complex trigonal pryamid or flat basal face. Prism faces are
usually striated lengthwise.
Cleavage:
Absent, but with basal parting
Fracture:
Uneven to conchoidal
Hardness:
7 - 7.5
Specific Gravity:
3.2+ (slightly heavier than average)
Streak:
White
Other Characteristics:
Piezoelectric
Notable Occurrences:
Brazil; Colorado; Appalachian Mountains; Germany; Cornwall, England; and many
others.
Best Field Indicators:
Crystal habit, overall triangular cross-section, striations, color and hardness.
Uses:
Mineral collection specimens, electrical uses and as ornamental stone.
Long thin crystals of
Black Tourmaline are common as inclusions in Quartz, forming the ornamental
stone called "Tourmalinated Quartz". This stone is unique with
its long needle to straw sized, arrow straight, prismatic crystals of pitch
black Schorl criss-crossing the clear colorless Quartz. Alone, Black
Tourmaline has long been used by shaman in African, Native American and
Aboriginal tribes. Native Americans used it as a protective stone against
negative spells...but when found included in Quartz, it not only
breaks the spell, but has been known to energize the "victim" and
actually enhance well-being! Used with Mica, Black Tourmaline is said
to be able to return the "spell" or negative energy from whence
it came, along with providing a view of the sender of such negativity.
Working like a lightning conductor, Black Tourmaline dispels the negativity
and protects against harmful energies such as anger, envy, and greed.
Recognized as the
"Teller" stone, all Tourmalines provide insight during times of
difficulty or struggle and can aid in "telling" who or what is causing
the problem.
Black Tourmaline is
well-known and most valued for its grounding effects, as are Obsidian, Hematite,
Bloodstone and Smoky Quartz. However, for grounding of spiritual
energies Black Tourmaline is the first stone of choice; a gift of nature which
enables its human companion to route and receive higher energies from the Crown
Chakra down into the Root Chakra.
Astrological Sign(s): Capricorn
(although Tourmalines in general have been associated with the sign of Libra).
Element(s): Earth
Chakra(s): Root.
Grounding.
Protection.
Purification rituals.
Deflects and repels
negative energy.
Increases physical
vitality.
Relieves stress.
Clears confusion.
Brings clarity.
Sense of purpose.
*Gives physical aid in treating: Dyslexia. Disorientation. Arthritis.
Stress. Strengthens immune system. Stimulates and helps balance adrenal
glands. Helps protect against radiation.
*NOTE:
Stone therapy should NOT take the place of medical evaluation and
procedures, and should be used merely to enhance one's health and well-being.
Black
Tourmaline...although an excellent protective, grounding, and Root Chakra
balancing stone...seems so much more than that. It feels as if it places a
protective fence around you...a stockade. And within that
"fence" there is a clearing in the landscape of your mind. And
within that clearing there is a complete darkness that empties your mind of all
extraneous and chaotic thought. It mirrors a time when things stood still
and there was a void...a void that awaits the first thought; the first song; the
first movement; the first spark of light. And it is with this stone that
you can find comfort in the stillness, feel a weightlessness amidst the
density!, and experience the jubilance of the first spark of creative
inspiration which will flash swiftly to the forefront of your mind. This
will inevitably astound you, as the encompassing void allows for sharp focus on
any sudden brilliance emanating from the darkest corner of your inner self.
It is at this point that Black Tourmaline's task is finished, and you will be
prompted to move on with renewed vigor and clarity of purpose.
Many an ingenious thought
can come through the protective stillness of Black Tourmaline. Or you may
simply use it whenever you feel the need for merely a shielding guardian
"fence".
"The Crystal
Bible" ~ Judy Hall
"Love Is In the
Earth" ~ Melody
http://webplaza.pt.lu/public/andre/healing_stones/tourmaline.html
http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/silicate/schorl/schorl.htm
Website:
http://www.peacefulpaths.com/
Let there be peace in the world - Where have all the flowers gone?
My Personal Page / My Place in England, UK / My Family Tree (Ancestry)
Wicca/Witchcraft / What is Wicca / What is Magick
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Wiccan Rede / Charge of the Goddess / Charge of the God / The Three-Fold Law (includes The Law of Power and The Four Powers of the Magus) / The Witches Chant / The Witches Creed / Descent of the Goddess / Drawing Down the Moon / The Great Rite Invocation / Invocation of the Horned God / The 13 Principles of Wiccan Belief / The Witches Rede of Chivalry / A Pledge to Pagan Spirituality
Correspondence Tables:
Incense / Candles / Colours / Magickal Days / Stones and Gems / Elements and Elementals
Traditions Part 1 - Alexandrian Wicca / Aquarian Tabernacle Church (ATC) / Ár Ndraíocht Féin (ADF) / Blue Star Wicca / British Traditional (Druidic Witchcraft) / Celtic Wicca / Ceremonial Magic / Chaos Magic / Church and School of Wicca / Circle Sanctuary / Covenant of the Goddess (COG) / Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans (CUUPS) / Cyber Wicca / Dianic Wicca / Eclectic Wicca / Feri Wicca /
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- Pentacle / Marks
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Power / The Witches Hat
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esoteric guide to visiting London / Satanism
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Unitarian Universalist Association / Numerology: Part 1
/ Part 2 / Part
3 / A
history of the Malleus Maleficarum: includes: Pope
Innocent VIII /
The
papal Bull /
The
Malleus Maleficarum /
An extract from the Malleus Maleficarum
/ The letter of approbation
/ Johann
Nider’s Formicarius /
Jacob
Sprenger /
Heinrich Kramer /
Stefano Infessura
/ Montague Summers /
The Waldenses
/ The Albigenses
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The Hussites / The
Sun Dance
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and Psychic Protection) /
Sabbats in History and Mythology / Samhain (October 31st) / Yule (December 21st) / Imbolc (February 2nd) / Ostara (March 21st) / Beltane (April 30th) / Litha (June 21st) / Lughnasadh (August 1st) / Mabon (September 21st)
Rituals contributed by Crone: Samhain / Yule / Imbolc / Ostara / Beltane / Litha / Lammas / Mabon
Tools of a Witch / The Besom (Broom) / Poppets and Dolls / Pendulums / Cauldron Magick / Mirror Gazing
Animals in Witchcraft (The Witches Familiar) / Antelope / Bats / Crow / Fox / Frog and Toads / Goat / Honeybee / Kangaroo / Lion / Owl / Phoenix / Rabbits and Hares / Raven / Robin Redbreast / Sheep / Spider / Squirrel / Swans / Wild Boar / Wolf / Serpent / Pig / Stag / Horse / Mouse / Cat
In Worship of Trees - Myths, Lore and the Celtic Tree Calendar. For descriptions and correspondences of the thirteen sacred trees of Wicca/Witchcraft see the following: Birch / Rowan / Ash / Alder / Willow / Hawthorn / Oak / Holly / Hazel / Vine / Ivy / Reed / Elder. Also see: The Willow Tree (Folk Music)
Mystical Sacred Sites - Stonehenge / Glastonbury Tor / Malta - The Hypogeum of Hal Saflieni / Avebury / Cerne Abbas - The Chalk Giant / Ireland - Newgrange /
Rocks and Stones:
Stones - History, Myths and Lore
Articles contributed by Patricia Jean Martin: / Apophyllite / Amber / Amethyst / Aquamarine / Aragonite / Aventurine / Black Tourmaline / Bloodstone / Calcite / Carnelian / Celestite / Citrine / Chrysanthemum Stone / Diamond / Emerald / Fluorite / Garnet / Hematite / Herkimer Diamond / Labradorite / Lapis Lazuli / Malachite / Moonstone / Obsidian / Opal / Pyrite / Quartz (Rock Crystal) / Rose Quartz / Ruby / Selenite / Seraphinite / Silver and Gold / Smoky Quartz / Sodalite / Sunstone / Thunderegg / Tree Agate / Zebra Marble
Wisdom:
Knowledge vs Wisdom by Ardriana Cahill / I Talk to the Trees / Awakening / The Witch in You / A Tale of the Woods
Articles and Stories about Witchcraft:
Murder by Witchcraft / The Fairy Witch of Clonmel / A Battleship, U-boat, and a Witch / The Troll-Tear (A story for Children) / Goody Hawkins - The Wise Goodwife / The Story of Jack-O-Lantern / The Murder of the Hammersmith Ghost / Josephine Gray (The Infamous Black Widow) / The Two Brothers - Light and Dark
Old Masters of Academia:
Pliny the Elder / Hesiod / Pythagoras
Abramelin the Mage / Agrippa / Aidan A. Kelly / Albertus Magnus “Albert the Great” / Aleister Crowley “The Great Beast” / Alex Sanders "the King of the Witches” / Alison Harlow / Amber K / Anna Franklin / Anodea Judith / Anton Szandor LaVey / Arnold Crowther / Arthur Edward Waite / Austin Osman Spare / Biddy Early / Bridget Cleary / Carl Llewellyn Weschcke / Cecil Hugh Williamson / Charles Godfrey Leland / Charles Walton / Christina Oakley Harrington / Damh the Bard (Dave Smith) / Dion Fortune / Dolores Aschroft-Nowicki / Dorothy Morrison / Doreen Valiente / Edward Fitch / Eleanor Ray Bone “Matriarch of British Witchcraft” / Dr. John Dee and Edward Kelly / Dr. Leo Louis Martello / Eliphas Levi / Ernest Thompson Seton / Ernest Westlake and the Order of Woodcraft Chivalry / Fiona Horne / Friedrich von Spee / Francis Barrett / Gerald B. Gardner / Gavin and Yvonne Frost and the School and Church of Wicca / Gwydion Pendderwen / Hans Holzer / Helen Duncan / Herman Slater "Horrible Herman" / Israel Regardie / James "Cunning" Murrell / Janet Farrar & Gavin Bone / Jessie Wicker Bell “Lady Sheba” / John Belham-Payne / John George Hohman / John Gerard / John Gordon Hargrave (the White Fox) / John Michael Greer / John Score / Johannes Junius the Burgomaster of Bamberg / Joseph John Campbell / Karl von Eckartshausen / Laurie Cabot "the Official Witch of Salem" / Lewis Spence / Margaret Alice Murray / Margot Adler / Marie Laveau the " Voodoo Queen of New Orleans" / Marion Weinstein / Matthew Hopkins “The Witch-Finder General” / Max Ehrmann and the Desiderata / Monique Wilson the “Queen of the Witches” / Montague Summers / Nicholas Culpeper / Nicholas Remy / M. R. Sellers / Mrs. Grieve "A Modern Herbal" / Oberon and Morning Glory Zell-Ravenheart / Old Dorothy Clutterbuck / Old George Pickingill / Paddy Slade / Pamela Colman-Smith / Paracelsus / Patricia Crowther / Patricia Monaghan / Patricia “Trish” Telesco / Philip Emmons Isaac Bonewits / Philip Heselton / Raymond Buckland / Reginald Scot / Robert Cochrane / Robert ‘von Ranke’ Graves and "The White Goddess" /
Rudolf Steiner / Rosaleen Norton “The Witch of Kings Cross” / Ross Nichols and The Order of Bards, Ovates & Druids / Sabrina - The Ink Witch / Scott Cunningham / Selena Fox / Silver Ravenwolf / Sir Francis Dashwood / Sir James George Frazer / S.L. MacGregor Mathers and the “Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn” / Starhawk / Stewart Farrar / Sybil Leek / Ted Andrews / The Mather Family - includes: Richard Mather, Increase Mather, Cotton Mather / Thomas Ady / Vera Chapman / Victor Henry Anderson / Vivianne Crowley / Walter Brown Gibson / William Butler Yeats / Zsuzsanna Budapest
Many of the above biographies are brief and far from complete. If you know about any of these individuals and can help with aditional information, please cantact me privately at my email address below. Many thanks for reading :-)
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